Naturalismo y pederastia en Benigno Lugones
Keywords:
Benigno Lugones - homosexualidad - naturalismo - literatura argentinaAbstract
En este trabajo nos proponemos abordar la figura y algunas obras clave de Benigno Lugones (1857-1884), escritor y periodista argentino. En primer lugar, haremos una síntesis biográfica que permitirá ubicarlo en su contexto particular de producción: por un lado, la modernización del campo literario y periodístico; y por el otro, el proceso de institucionalización del saber científico. Nos detendremos en algunos momentos nodales de su vida: su paso como estudiante por la carrera de medicina, sus inicios en el periodismo y en los estudios sobre el lunfardo, y su trabajo como empleado de la Policía. En segundo término, nos vamos a centrar en las relaciones que Lugones estableció con la escuela naturalista. En este sentido, indagaremos en su ferviente adhesión a la escuela de Zola, y en sus vínculos con las asociaciones científico-literarias de fines de la década de 1870. Por último, nos introduciremos en uno de los textos liminares del dispositivo homofóbico en Argentina: “Pródromo a una descripción de la pederastia pasiva” (1879), en el que Lugones expresa un total rechazo por las prácticas (homo)sexuales anales. Además de analizarlo, lo pondremos en relación con otros discursos afines que se produjeron durante las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX.
Benigno Lugones was an Argentinian journalist and writer that used to work as a reporter for La Nación newspaper and published several chronicles and articles in different magazines. In this paper we analize the article that was published by Lugones in Anales del Circulo Médico Argentino in 1879: “Pródromo a una descripción de la pederastia pasiva”. Our analisis is focused on the conceptualizations about homosexuality in the text. The value of this text is that this is one of the first references on homosexuality in Argentinian press. Besides, we inquire the links between the Naturalist school and Lugone’s raw language (unpublished until then). Finally, we analize the Pioneer condition of Lugones in different aspects: First of all he was a Pioneer in the use of a light-hearted language, free of euphemisms and objections, and disruptive in the reading horizon of the late 70’s of the 19th century. Second of all he put forward ideas and structures that will appear later on the scientific speech of the beginning of the 20th century: Lugones anticipated the case as a privileged form the scientific narrative. And last, Lugones was ahead of his time regarding topics that years later would be the center of inquiries and polemics, for example: the origin of homosexuality.
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