Las cosas del mundo están en rebelión: materialidad y guerra en la poesía vanguardista de Joaquín Pasos
Keywords:
Central American Poetry, Avant Garde, War literature, Non humanAbstract
A pesar de que Pasos defendió, como la mayoría de los miembros de la Vanguardia, posiciones derechistas, coloniales y fascistas e incluso el poema “acusa entre sus intricados orígenes a la crisis producida por la caída del Eje y el triunfo de los aliados en la Segunda Guerra Mundial” , paradójicamente el “Canto” que nos deja se distancia de la ideología misma del poeta y de sus visiones reaccionarias. En mi lectura, el poema plasma desde una voz propia una preocupación por la guerra como modelo de dominación al denunciar su contexto de destrucción. Ese contexto de destrucción aparece en las propias valoraciones del poeta en su poema en el cual señala que: “[…] trata, en principio, de la cosa gastada, la cosa baldía. The Waste Thing. Esa cosa, pero en rebelión. El dolor humano producido por el quejido de las cosas”. Entonces es un poema de cosas y no de objetos, de cosas, porque los objetos todavía quedan atrapados dentro de la conceptualización humana, dentro del binomio objeto/hombre; en cambio, las cosas escapan de este y presentan una pulsión, una propia fuerza, tienen un efecto propio, en el caso del poema las cosas gastadas producen un dolor, una dolencia en sintonía con el sufrimiento humano. Como veremos más adelante en este ensayo, el dolor será un elemento esencial que ensamblará las distintas cosas que interactúan en el mundo de guerra descrito en el poema.
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