De una comunidad imaginada católica colonizadora en la Relación de Cabeza de Vaca a una comunidad imaginada de solidaridad afro-indígena contra el legado del colonialismo en The Moor’s Account de Laila Lalami
Palabras clave:
literatura colonial;, Cabeza de Vaca;, Estevanico el negro;, Laila Lalami;, reescritura de resistencia;, comunidad imaginada;, hagiografía;, actores históricos africanos en Latinoamérica colonial;Resumen
En este artículo analizo el uso del lenguaje de hagiografía en la representación del personaje histórico de “Estevanico, el negro” en Relación (1542) por Cabeza de Vaca y la reescritura refractaria de la relación colonial por Laila Lalami en su novela The Moor’s Account (2014). Apoyándome en el concepto teórico de “comunidad imaginada” introducido por Benedict Anderson, sostengo que, en su relación, Cabeza de Vaca usa un discurso hagiográfico para caracterizar a Estevanico con un doble discurso que lo describe como un africano excepcional escogido de Dios y a la vez como un ser definido por una alteridad. Tal discurso doble, argumento, se propone la creación de una comunidad imaginada católica colonizadora y a la vez evita desafiar la hegemonía blanca. En su novela, aplicando la teoría de Edward Said sobre la resistencia al imperialismo, examino cómo Lalami reescribe la vida de Estevanico desde la perspectiva del subalterno y a contracorriente del género de la hagiografía colonial. Por la misma, propone la creación de una comunidad de solidaridad entre descendientes africanos e indígenas que va más allá de las identidades nacionales de México y los Estados Unidos.
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