Armand Mattelart: Un itinerario intelectual entre América Latina y Europa
Palabras clave:
Armand Mattelart, comunicación, historiaResumen
El artículo se propone trazar las principales coordenadas del itinerario intelectual de Armand Mattelart —uno de los principales investigadores y teóricos de la comunicación en el mundo, cuya labor fue destacada en la emergencia en los estudios latinoamericanos de comunicación— en función de presentar lo que se entiende es su perfil intelectual singular. Latinoamericano por adopción desde los años sesenta, exiliado en Francia a partir del golpe de Estado de Augusto Pinochet en 1973 en Chile, su trayectoria es rica para estudiar los procesos de emergencia de los estudios en comunicación en América Latina, para reflexionar acerca las productivas tensiones entre intelectuales, cultura y política que se manifestaron en los años sesenta y setenta en el continente, pero también para interrogarse sobre las dinámicas que subyacen a la circulación internacional de las ideas. En este último sentido, el caso de Armand Mattelart permite poner de relieve una zona poco explorada en la tradición de la historia intelectual y la historia de los intelectuales latinoamericanos: las influencias y desplazamientos que van de los países de la periferia hacia los del centro.
En efecto, teniendo la experiencia latinoamericana como hipótesis explicativa (y al exilio como vivencia real y como metáfora para pensar una disposición intelectual), voy a argumentar en torno a lo que entiendo es la singularidad de la figura intelectual de Armand Mattelart. Pues a partir de su exilio en Francia, y en un campo académico/intelectual dominado por las divisiones, la rigidez y las jerarquías disciplinares, pero también por el repliegue sobre el mundo francófono, Armand Mattelart constituirá una figura heterodoxa y múltiple (es académico, editor/traductor, cineasta, periodista, militante político, etc.) cosmopolita (por las redes intelectuales internacionales que articula, por las perspectivas y tradiciones teóricas que pone en diálogo y conecta, por su “mirada mundo”) y crítico. Para dar cuenta de estas aristas de su perfil y figura intelectual, se hará énfasis en su actividad en el mundo editorial, donde se destacan su trabajo como director de la revista Comunicación y Cultura (1973-1985) y como editor de diversas antologías en varias lenguas; la más relevante: los dos volúmenes en inglés de Communication and Class Struggle (1979-1983).
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