La polémica Moreno–Santucho. La lucha armada y la ruptura del Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores (PRT)
Keywords:
Lucha armada, organizaciones revolucionarias, debate teórico, PRT, polemica Moreno-SantuchoAbstract
Procesos políticos tales como el Mayo Francés, la Primavera de Praga o la rebelión estudiantil mexicana significaron un retorno a levantamientos masivos obreros y estudiantiles. Esto supuso un cuestionamiento al paradigma organizativo guevarista vigente desde el triunfo de la Revolución Cubana y fue el punto de inicio del crecimiento del debate estratégico – metodológico dentro de las organizaciones políticas revolucionarias. La estrategia de la lucha armada y las polémicas en torno a las formas organizativas (partido – guerrilla) marcaron los ejes del debate político. En Argentina, el ascenso obrero – estudiantil experimentado a partir del Cordobazo colaboró a trasladar a escala local esta discusión.
Ejemplo local de este debate fue el Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores (PRT), que inició un proceso de discusión interna que desembocó en luchas fraccionales y en la posterior ruptura de la organización. Se produjo un proceso de diferenciación entre la línea del partido que sostuvo la necesidad de la estrategia de la lucha armada con la consecuente creación de un ejército revolucionario y aquel sector que pugnó por la forma organizativa partidaria leninista tradicional caracterizando a la guerrilla y a la lucha armada como estrategias que, en esa coyuntura, alejaba a las masas movilizadas de las organizaciones revolucionarias.
El objetivo del presente trabajo será reflejar y analizar este debate que incluyó aspectos teóricos, análisis sobre la coyuntura argentina y polémicas sobre el contexto internacional y que culminó con la división del PRT en dos organizaciones políticas diversas: por un lado, el PRT – El Combatiente (Santucho), luego PRT-ERP y, por otro lado, el PRT – La Verdad (Moreno) que terminaría desembocando en el Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores.
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