“La única salida es una frontera de paz permanente” : El Partido Comunista de la Argentina y la guerra de Yom Kippur
Keywords:
Comunismo argentino, Medio Oriente, yom kippur, Guerra de 1973Abstract
La principal consecuencia de la creación del Estado de Israel en 1948, fue el surgimiento del conflicto de Medio Oriente, una disputa territorial entre palestinos y judíos que hasta el día de hoy no ha encontrado una solución satisfactoria, generando sucesivos conflictos armados que no lograron zanjar el problema de base entre ambas comunidades y su posibilidad de convivencia. En este artículo se propone analizar la interpretación del Partido Comunista de la Argentina (PC) respecto de los sucesos de Medio Oriente, concretamente de la guerra de Yom Kippur (1973). El tema de Medio Oriente ocupó un lugar significativo tanto en los medios de prensa masivos de la República Argentina como en los partidarios, en buena medida debido a la importancia de ambas comunidades dentro del país; los distintos grupos políticos analizaron el conflicto en distintas claves, condicionados tanto por el contexto internacional –la Guerra Fría- como por la coyuntura nacional. De las diferentes miradas existentes sobre un tema tan controvertido hemos considerado relevante analizar la visión del PC respecto del conflicto. Un hecho de consideración es la importancia que tuvo la comunidad judía dentro de las filas del comunismo local: la misma no solo residió meramente en la cuestión numérica sino también en el fuerte activismo de sus militantes.[1] Su afiliación comunista pareció primar por encima del ser judío. Es por eso que la hipótesis que guía el paper es que, debido al apoyo brindado por la URSS a la causa árabe desde la guerra del canal de Yom Kippur[2], el PC va tener una postura marcadamente pro árabe con respecto a los acontecimientos nombrados la que incluirá también a los militantes de origen judío. Pero además, intentaremos describir el lenguaje utilizado por esta organización política a la hora de sentar posición.
[1] Ariel Svarch, “¿Comunistas judíos o judíos comunistas? La rama judía del PC en el contexto de crisis identitaria, 1920-1950”, Xa Jornada Interescuelas de Historia, (Rosario, 2005). 1.
[2] Miguel Ángel Bastenier, La guerra de siempre: pasado, presente y futuro del conflicto árabe- israelí, (Barcelona: Península/Atalaya, 1999). Shlomo Ben Ami, Cicatrices de guerra, heridas de paz, (Barcelona: Ediciones B, 2006). Norman G. Finkelstein, Imagen y realidad del conflicto palestino-israelí, (Madrid: Akal, 2003).
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