Raza y nación: el caso de Chile
Keywords:
Latin American Cultural Studies, Latin American History, Latin American PoliticsAbstract
La categoría de “raza chilena”, como base étnica de la nación, es una invención intelectual, una representación que carece de fundamento objetivo. Se trata de un significante vacío que puede ser llenado con distintos rasgos, sean éstos biológicos, síquicos, culturales o sociales. Precisamente esto es lo que ocurre—de modo casi impresionista—en la mayoría de los ensayos que se refieren a la raza chilena. Pero más allá de una invención intelectual, es también una invención emocional, y como tal obedece a una lógica y a una racionalidad distinta a la científica, más próxima a las zonas oscuras y misteriosas del “nacionalismo” y la “religión” que a la del conocimiento racional y empírico. Desde este punto de vista su “verdad” no depende de un referente objetivo sino de la emocionalidad que subyace a ella. “Raza chilena”, por tanto, pertenece al ámbito de las representaciones,de la sicología social, más que al de la biología o de la etnohistoria.
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