Domitila Barrios: mujer como resistencia
Keywords:
Domitila Barrios - cuerpo – maternidad – resistencia – standpoint – feminismo - testimonioAbstract
El presente es un estudio de dos testimonios de Domitila Barrios de Chungara, Si me permiten hablar de Moema Viezzer (1978) y Domitila Chungara: Una vida de Lucha, de María del Carmen Garcés (2012), en el cual se quiere buscar las estrategias de resistencia que usa la narradora en cuanto al uso del cuerpo en los espacios privados y públicos. Para empezar, el artículo habla sobre la naturaleza híbrida del género testimonial, lo que lo constituye en un texto adecuado para la expresión subalterna. Además, se argumenta que el standpoint, según como lo propone Nancy C. M. Hartsock (1983), de Barrios es privilegiado para entender la opresión de la mujer subalterna latinoamericana y proponer la resignificación de espacios de opresión para así convertirlos en resistencias. Se hacen análisis específicos de cómo el cuerpo (lo privado) en el espacio público cobra nuevas connotaciones, por ejemplo, en la huelga de hambre. También, se explica cómo Barrios transforma ámbitos tradicionalmente femeninos, como el Comité de Amas de Casa, el matrimonio y la maternidad, que son usados como espacios de opresión por parte del poder patriarcal capitalista, para encontrar posibilidad de acción política. Finalmente, se propone que Barrios ingresa en la discusión del feminismo latinoamericano contemporáneo, a pesar de su abierto rechazo a este movimiento, pues su crítica desvela que clase, raza/etnia y género son ejes primordiales en el entendimiento de la mujer de América Latina.
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