Trabajadores y sindicatos frente a la flexibilización laboral: ¿aceptación o resistencia? Los casos de Argentina y Chile a partir de los setentas
Keywords:
Sindicalismo - Flexibilización - Resistencia - Argentina - ChileAbstract
Argentina y Chile fueron escenarios donde se implementó las políticas de flexibilización laboral de forma más cruda. Sus gobiernos militares comenzaron a partir de la década del setenta del siglo pasado a aplicar políticas de liberalización económica, instaurando un modelo ideológico que trasformó la estructura económico-social, quebrantando largas décadas de desarrollo industrial, redefiniendo el papel del Estado y restringiendo drásticamente el poder de negociación y de resistencia que poseían los trabajadores (aunque en la Argentina fue posible completar la transformación y efectivizar las orientaciones propuestas con la democracia ya recuperada)
El trabajo propone un ejercicio comparativo sobre tales políticas y medidas y las respuestas que generaron los sindicatos y trabajadores en Argentina y Chile. La selección de los casos se basa en el hecho de que fue en esta región donde esas disposiciones fueron mas cabalmente aplicadas, aún cuando la puesta en marcha no haya sido simultánea.
Aunque las políticas de flexibilización aplicadas resultaron exitosas y alcanzaron considerables efectos que aún sufren los trabajadores, esto no habilita negar la existencia de acciones de resistencia sucedidas en ambos países. A pesar de sus derrotas, estos lograron organizarse para oponerse activamente a la desregulación, y en algunas ocasiones, llegando a frenar el proceso, aunque fuera una detención sólo momentánea, luchando por el mantenimiento de las legislaciones conseguidas en épocas anteriores, que era a su vez el resultado de sus victorias.
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