La relación entre la naturaleza no humana y humana como relato para la paz en Colombia en El año del sol negro de Daniel Ferreira
Keywords:
El año del sol negro; nature; tale of abundance; implicated subject; peaceAbstract
La novela El año del sol negro (2018) de Daniel Ferreira, cuarto volumen de su pentalogía de Colombia, se enmarcaría dentro del llamado “giro rural”, una tendencia reciente en la literatura latinoamericana que, en el caso de Colombia, propone una memoria del conflicto armado en la que se abordan relatos olvidados “como el daño a los ecosistemas y el despojo de territorios campesinos y ancestrales” (Saldarriaga Gutiérrez 2020, 57). Ferreira ubica la acción de su novela en la Guerra de los Mil Días (1899-1902) y, mediante un ejercicio de memoria metonímica (Bastidas Pérez 2019, 76), revisa el presente del último conflicto armado y el proceso de paz situando en el centro la “compenetración con la naturaleza” y la involucración del lector (Arroyo 2018). Mi análisis de la novela propone mostrar los mecanismos estéticos y éticos mediante los cuales Ferreira se inserta en el “giro rural” proponiendo un relato que contribuiría a una conceptualización de la paz en Colombia desde una revalorización de nuestra relación con la naturaleza. Los “relatos de la escasez y la abundancia” (Cajigas-Rotundo 2007) y el “sujeto implicado” (Rothberg 2019) son herramientas de análisis eficaces para indagar en la singular voz de Ferreira.
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