Intelectuales, política y cultura en los sesenta-setenta: Apuntes sobre la noción de campo y una polémica sin horizonte.
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Leonardo Martín Candiano, intelectuales, política, cultura, Argentina, años 60 y 70Abstract
En el artículo “A desalambrar: apostillas sobre la noción de campo” (2015, A Contracorriente), Leonardo Martín Candiano dirige duras críticas al enfoque propuesto por diferentes estudios abocados al análisis del proceso cultural argentino de las décadas de 1960-1970. Dichas críticas apuntan fundamentalmente en dos direcciones. En primer término y sin mayores distinciones, cuestiona compactamente textos de Carlos Altamirano, Beatriz Sarlo, Oscar Terán, Silvia Sigal, Claudia Gilman y Pablo Ponza, quienes –a su juicio- habrían aplicado errónea y acríticamente la noción de campo sobredimensionando el proceso de politización de los circuitos intelectuales, del pensamiento y la cultura durante las décadas de 1960-1970. Sirviéndose o tomando prestados argumentos previamente expresados por los ensayistas Omar Acha (2012) y Nestor Kohan (2006), Candiano señala que los presuntos hallazgos de Altamirano, Sarlo, Terán, Sigal, Gilman y Ponza, se afincan en una interrogación equivocada y una supra atención al proceso de politización del campo de las letras, cuando en verdad las formas de las experiencias del período estaban raigalmente entrecruzadas. Siguiendo la línea argumental de Acha y Kohan, Candiano indica que el uso del concepto de campo tiende últimamente a ser tomado como una descripción acrítica de una situación presuntamente dada en la realidad, según la cual es imperioso deslindar lo político de lo cultural apelando a la búsqueda de una mayor profundidad teórica. Candiano afirma que centrar la atención en dicha distinción en lugar de complejizar los análisis sobre la especificidad de los objetos de estudio utilizando la noción de Pierre Bourdie, implicaría correr el riesgo de mutilar los estudios culturales respecto del conjunto de procesos sociales en el cual se instituye.
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