Escrituras de sobrevivientes e inscripción pública de La Perla como ex Centro Clandestino de Detención, Tortura y Exterminio (Córdoba, Argentina)
Abstract
El artículo reconstruye cómo fue descripto, denunciado y narrado el ex Centro Clandestino de Detención, Tortura y Exterminio (CCDTyE) La Perla en producciones escritas y audiovisuales de sobrevivientes de ese campo o basadas en sus testimonios, desde las primeras denuncias del exilio, a fines de los años setenta, hasta el presente. El corpus reúne informes de organismos de derechos humanos y de la CONADEP, libros testimoniales, prensa de los juicios, propuestas museográficas y obras literarias y audiovisuales. El análisis muestra tres desplazamientos concurrentes. El primero afecta al registro de la descripción. Mientras el campo no estuvo judicialmente acreditado, La Perla debía ser probada y los textos la localizan en el territorio, la dibujan en croquis, reconstruyen los procedimientos de secuestro, tortura y muerte y listan víctimas y responsables, con los tribunales por horizonte antes de que estos existieran. Cuando los juicios acreditaron lo ocurrido, ese registro no desapareció, pero dejó de ser el dominante y pasaron a primer plano elaboraciones alrededor de los efectos de la experiencia concentracionaria sobre quienes la atravesaron, las sensaciones y los límites de las palabras para transmitir lo que allí sucedió. El segundo atañe al encuadre que el campo impuso a los prisioneros y que las primeras publicaciones reprodujeron al fragmentar las solidaridades y proyectar sospecha sobre los sobrevivientes. Los juicios y el trabajo del sitio de memoria horadaron esas divisiones y legitimaron su palabra no solo como testigos sino como víctimas. El tercero concierne a la enunciación. Al asumir los tribunales y el sitio la tarea de acreditar y transmitir, la carga probatoria dejó de recaer sobre la voz en primera persona, a la que se sumaron elaboraciones producidas por otros actores y desde otros lenguajes.
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