Museum of the Americas in Madrid: an instrument for Spanish foreign policy?
Keywords:
Museo de América Madrid, metáfora del puente, políticas públicas de memoria, relaciones internacionales, V centenario, museum studies, EspañaAbstract
El desarrollo institucional del Museo de América de Madrid (MAM), se caracteriza por una doble vertiente. Por un lado, la constante es la dependencia de sus órganos directivos del Ministerio de Educación/Cultura y, por otro, en estos órganos sorprende la presencia discontinua del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores. Esta implicación de Exteriores parece ser un hecho singular, puesto que la bibliografía sobre museos no conoce otro caso igual y que aun no fue analizado. Creado en 1941, el museo fue renovado con motivo de las conmemoraciones del V Centenario del “Descubrimiento de América”, cuando las políticas públicas de memoria españolas eran parcialmente cuestionadas desde América Latina. En comparación con la Casa de América y el Instituto Cervantes, organismos nacidos de estas conmemoraciones, el museo no tiene importancia para la política exterior española, más allá del uso metafórico de que el MAM sirve de puente entre Iberoamérica y Europa. Sin embargo, la condición como instrumento de la política exterior del MAM parece una de las claves para reiniciar un proceso de reflexión sobre el pasado colonial de España, iniciado en 1992. Ello fortalecerá el desarrollo democrático de y entre las sociedades unidas y separadas por el pasado colonial compartido y sufrido.
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